Genomics Project Aims to Revolutionize Sheep Breeding Practices

A new genomics initiative spearheaded by Beef + Lamb New Zealand (B+LNZ) seeks to transform sheep breeding across various breeds, including smaller and minority types. The project, part of the Cool Sheep® programme, aims to genotype a significant number of influential sires, enhancing the accuracy of predictions for critical traits such as health, productivity, and resilience.

This initiative supports the long-term goals of improving breeding practices, particularly for less connected flocks and smaller breed groups. According to Dr. Jason Archer, head of genetics at B+LNZ, genomics represents untapped potential within the sheep industry. He emphasizes that this project will facilitate greater accessibility to genomic technologies, ultimately benefiting farmers and researchers alike.

The ambitious plan involves genotyping up to 3,500 rams owned by over 300 breeders. By establishing a comprehensive population of genotypes, the project aims to enhance the overall understanding of the genetics present in New Zealand’s sheep population. “In the long term, this will help more farmers benefit from genomic information across a wide range of traits and assist researchers in characterizing the genetics of New Zealand’s recorded sheep,” Dr. Archer stated.

To identify influential rams, B+LNZ utilized data from nProve, focusing on rams that are well-connected within flocks, have sired numerous progeny, or represent diverse breeds. Owners of these rams have been invited to participate by collecting a tissue sample for genotyping, with the only cost being the time spent gathering the sample. All other expenses associated with the project will be covered, and participating breeders will receive genotype data that will enhance their New Zealand Genetic Evaluation (NZGE) results.

While not all breeds currently have genotypes included in the NZGE, the groundwork laid by this project will allow smaller breed groups to leverage genomic tools. This access will facilitate the acquisition of breeding values and foster genetic improvement. Dr. Archer noted that the genotyping results will deepen the understanding of genetic diversity among breeds and provide insight into individual animals’ full genomes. This data set will support future trait identification and improve the accuracy of molecular breeding values.

To collect genotypes, the project will utilize medium density (MD) genotyping and low pass sequencing, a cost-effective next-generation technology being trialed by AgResearch. Low pass sequencing allows for a quick overview of the genome at a relatively low cost, enabling broader access to genomic information.

The Cool Sheep® programme, backed by the Ministry for Primary Industries through its Climate Emergency Response Fund, aims not only to advance sheep breeding but also to ensure that minority breeds and less connected flocks can achieve comparative breeding values in the future. By investing in these genomic advancements, B+LNZ is positioning the sheep industry to better address challenges related to animal welfare, labor inputs, and environmental sustainability.

As this project unfolds, it promises to revolutionize genetic progress within the sheep farming sector, providing farmers with the tools necessary to meet evolving industry demands.