Tensions Rise Over COP31 Host as Negotiations Unfold in Brazil

Political tensions are escalating at COP30 in Belém, Brazil, as Australia and Türkiye vie to host the next United Nations climate conference, COP31. Karlos Lee Moresi, climate adviser to the Pacific Islands Forum, highlighted ongoing “political and ego manoeuvring” during discussions, emphasizing that the Pacific region is determined to secure a COP event in their area. Moresi stated, “We have Australia with the Pacific very adamant that we need, not only do we want, we need to have a COP in the Pacific. The Türkiye position is they’re not giving up.”

Moresi expressed concerns that Türkiye may be attempting to sway European nations to support its bid for hosting the event. He mentioned that if COP31 were to take place in Türkiye, the Pacific would expect some form of concession in return. “It is not something that we’re really entertaining actively as an option to put forward on the table for now,” he added.

Key Discussions at COP30

The conference commenced on March 11, 2024, marking ten years since the signing of the landmark Paris Agreement. In his opening address, Simon Stiell, executive secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), reiterated the urgency of climate action. He stated, “The emissions curve has been bent downwards because of what was agreed in halls like this, with governments legislating and markets responding, but I’m not sugarcoating it, we have so much more to go.”

The Pacific Islands’ position remains steadfast, advocating for the critical target of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius to ensure survival. This year’s summit is unique as the advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice (ICJ) can now serve as a negotiation tool. The ICJ’s opinion indicates that failing to protect individuals from the impacts of climate change could be a violation of international law.

Vira Paky, youth engagement coordinator for Save the Children New Zealand, emphasized the need for collaboration among nations to address climate issues impacting children. “We know that children and young people are disproportionately affected by climate change, and we want to be on the frontlines to advocate for children and youth voices to be considered,” she stated.

Another youth delegate, Faiesea Ah Chee, highlighted the pressing need for accessible climate finance for the Pacific Islands. Chee, who has witnessed the harsh realities of severe weather in Samoa, stressed the importance of securing funding for adaptation and mitigation projects. “Hoping to get a clear vision and understanding of where we can get access to all this climate finance,” she said.

Human Impact of Climate Change

As global leaders engage in critical discussions, the effects of climate change are becoming increasingly evident. In Papua New Guinea, rescue workers are working to relocate approximately 300 individuals living in areas affected by a recent deadly landslide. Geno Muspak, spokesperson for the Wabag MP office, attributed the disaster to climate change, stating, “As times are changing, the weather is not good for us, especially for people who are living in the remote places.”

COP30 will continue until March 20, 2024, as delegates from around the world strive to address the pressing challenges posed by climate change and negotiate pathways toward a sustainable future. The outcome of these discussions, especially regarding the COP31 host, will be closely watched by nations and communities impacted by environmental changes.